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CB antenna bandwidth - magnetic loop

CB antenna to a stationary, so. magnetic (magnetic loop) is the optimal output in the absence of conditions for a typical installation of the antenna fixed at a high altitude, outside the building. The preferred ratio of the dimensions of effectiveness, low sensitivity to the height placement above ground, wąskopasmowość and interference causing, that this solution is often used in the mobile military equipment. During World War II, the magnetic antenna was used on German submarines.

Advantages:

• size range for the CB - about 90 cm in diameter,
• efficiency - comparable to the dipole półfalowym,
• radiation pattern - almost omnidirectional,
• a very narrow band - "sharp tuning " which results in cutting out interference from adjacent channels,
• ability to install an antenna on the premises at a relatively low level (attic, balcony, etc),
• for the place of installation complete "burzo - wind - rainy - freezing" immunity,
• antenna "is not circle "in the eyes of neighbors,
• marginal cost of elements
• ideal for use in field conditions as mobile - portable.

Disadvantages:

• need for frequent tuning (away for 2 - 3 channels in the side - requires re-tuning),
• tuning capacitor need for remote main loop,
• very strong magnetic component can be harmful to health (in broadcasting should be in the safe - a few dozen meters - the distance from the antenna).

IMPLEMENTATION

main loop:

loop is made of a 270 cm section of Al-pex pipe, pipes used in heating. Alu-pex is constructed of two layers of plastic separated by a layer of aluminum. It is very light and malleable - can be perfectly formed into a circle and holds a predetermined shape. At the ends, which connect the variable capacitor, remove the top layer of plastic (hot gas burner) and clean the rest of the aluminum tube with plastic fine sandpaper. The ends of the loop, we combine the Teflon rod with a diameter equal to the inner diameter of the pipe loop. Drill holes 4 mm bolt loop to Teflon rod. For these bolts connect the capacitor - as soon as possible and as the thickest cable may be flat copper.

Possible modifications - a loop can be made of copper pipe installation (15 - 20 mm) with copper (aluminum) flat or coaxial cable. The diameter of the tube does not play a major role. Please note, however, with a diameter of the loop - the loop of pipe length should not exceed 0.25 wavelength.

loop coupling:

coupling loop made of copper wire with a diameter of 2 - 3 - 4 mm and connect the tip of the loop with a diameter of 220 mm to the tip of the antenna cable. The loop can be connected directly to a cable or through the appropriate socket and plug. Diameter coupling loop should be about 20% of the diameter of the main loop. The loop can also perform the coupling of coaxial cable.

Capacitor:

In the case of CB-band antenna tuning on all channels of basic 40th provides a variable capacitor with a capacity of 3 to 20 - 30pF. Capacitor should be called. butterfly. Such capacitors can be found in an old military equipment, you can also - quite easily - do it yourself. When choosing a capacitor, remember that at the time of broadcast on the cover of a capacitor, the higher power, there is tension of thousands of volts! Hence, these plates must remain relative to each other at a distance. In practice, for up to 4 watts CB just 0.5 mm. Tunable capacitor must be remotely using an electric motor with gearbox ensures circulation of about 0.5 per minute. Motor power supply wire run plastic pipe in the middle of the superstructure, which is embedded antenna. Working motor does not cause interference.

issues mounting the individual components, motor and gearbox housing constructors leave creativity. In the present embodiment were applied:

• motor with gear - old servo Model with damaged electronics, the two wheels of an electric timing clock and tape deck,
• motor housing and a capacitor - plastic mounting box (Castorama, a few zł)
• coupling loop fastening - plastic case (stores of electronic parts),
• mast - 150 cm section of plastic pipe with a diameter of 25 mm,
• alu-pex pipe - Castorama 2 - 3 zł / mb,
• capacitor butterfly - with the surplus.

The experience of life:

antenna is mounted in the attic storey house covered with ceramic tile. Proven communication coverage - 45 km from the base station. It is a performance comparable to the seventh meter antenna 5 / 8 lambda I have been using before, and he dismantled for safety reasons - frequent and severe storms in my area. The antenna stroimy "by ear" - when the alignment of the channel is a sharp increase in noise, SWR drops to 1.2 - 1.5. Motor power - battery 1.2 V, 1.5 times for 2 minutes.

Despite the pessimistic predictions

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CB radio in the car

dusk applications for CB radio (cellular growth) nothing that has not happened.
There are two main areas of use of CB:

• communication "road" - the mutual information to drivers about the road ahead, as well as social chit-chat during the long, tiring and boring ride,
• communications using the so-called base - efforts to establish communications over long distances. In this regard, there are encouraging examples of CB communications over distances of European and even intercontinental.

CB RADIO (with English Citizen Band Radio - Citizens Band Radio).

creator of the first CB radio is an American Al Gross. He invented in 1939 Walkie-Talkie. The first CB radio originated in 1943. The origins of the use of CB band in Poland date back years from 1970 to 1980 of the last century (radios Echo, Tukan).

Legal basis:
accordance with § 2. 1 point 6 Regulation REGULATION Minister of Transport of 3 July 2007. on the device authorities s radio broadcasting or transceiver, which can ± to Æ in made without permission radio (Journal of Laws No. 138, item. 972) not require radio permits in solving device authorities s CB Radio Citizens Off total, in part ęstotliwo COMPONENTS 26,96-27,41 MHz work happily with the modulation ± part ęstotliwo expiry date or amplitude (AM / FM / SSB) from the power ± output held- ± transmitter to 4 for FM and AM, and the power of ± 12W (PEP) for SSB .

example set of car and its characteristics:

• car - Honda Prelude - Japanese luxury sports coupe, the 250 000 km without complaint (like a shame that no longer produced !!!).
• CB radio - PRESIDENT HARRY III ASC - French, made in China, a new generation of radio with adjustable frequency and modulation schemes in force in various countries, approval (so-called Declaration compliance) - b. important trips abroad. In my opinion (and I had a CB radio has about 10) is a radio GOOD!
• antenna - CB CTE AP-1700 - a fundamental value - LONG (170 cm)! Fixed directly to the body and a removable (pitch, assumed), the so-called. butterfly. If we want to reach and we are able to survive the 8 mm hole in the plate body, we need to decide on such a solution. No "magnesówki, no short, helical, mounted on brackets to gutters or roof racks are not ensure this outcome as an antenna mounted on the center of the roof and permanently (electrically) connected with the body. In the case of the Honda Prelude of the roof is very little (sunroof) and I decided on the right rear fender.

The success and satisfaction, and satisfaction with our kit car - radio - antenna largely determines ANTENNA!
"Going" radio for 1000 and more zł with a short, poorly aligned and properly mounted antenna will remain far behind cheapest CB radio with a long, well-fitted and tuned antenna.
The efficiency of the antenna decided only by its height, the mounting and alignment - let's not fall for expensive and short antenna with 'outstanding' earnings and coverage .

Installation notes:

• ANTENNA: mount the antenna at the fender is slanted - it forces the oblique shear plastic base of the antenna. The antenna should be mounted so that it is possible vertical and to be able to tilt it back - in any case on the sides! Butterfly may itself loose and easy to imagine the speed of the cyclist being overtaken 100km/godz example, the antenna tilted to the right side!

If for various reasons do not want a long antenna (antenna 2 m above the car a little bit - unfortunately - "embarrassing" view), we can to the same base mount 30 - 50 cm helical antenna - for losing coverage, but "something for something." In the case of a full mask fact have a CB radio can use a special antenna, a length of about 50 cm, is no different from the classic car radio antenna (eg, Triflex System 3-CB / FM / GSM).
tune the antenna, ie, its length to match the frequency of the transmitter. We can do it yourself using the SWR meter (reflectometer - meter ratio of reflected wave) or at the point of service (as in most stores with CB radios.)


NOTE:
never turn on the radio to broadcast the unconnected antenna!


No antenna (transmitter load) causes the separation of the entire power transistor transmitter end and as a result (often) to their destruction.
risk of working with the unmatched transmitter antenna is smaller - we lose the range, but the burning tip of the transmitter, rather we not in danger. SWR of my antenna factory complex is 1.2 - that is nearly 100% of the power goes in the antenna, and no adjustment was needed. The problem starts at SWR over 2 - with a longer radio broadcasting may be too warm.

• RADIO: Assembly should consider the conditions for easy disassembly and hiding the radio. In my case I installed a radio in the glove compartment of the passenger. After its closure is nothing in the middle of the car does not indicate the presence of CB radio. The antenna cable is relatively easy to drag the trim, and derive the clipboard and from there through the hole in the back of the clipboard to the radio. Similarly, the power: (-) cables to the car weight, (+) can be combined with power of up to radio (try to see if there is tension after turning off the ignition!). An important aspect of proper installation of the radio is MASA. The mass replaced the radio in two respects: by the power cord (-) and through the base of the antenna. No matter in any of these points is not possible alignment of the antenna. The exception is "magnesówki", where the mass is connected to the radio only by power. Ground wire (-) should be as short as possible.

few observations (dilemmas) associated with the use of CB radios:

• have a CB radio in the car causes increases our sense of "security" and impunity due to the fact of knowing the deployment of police patrols and speed cameras - it tends to risk excess speed, yet is NOT the case!
• despite the lack of prohibition of the use of CB while driving (as opposed to cell) be careful, especially at the beginning of our adventure with the CB. Focusing undue attention while driving on the channel and setting up our CB could end up very uncomfortable!
• warn other drivers the so-called. misiach also warn drunken drivers and other thieves, and yet also probably NOT what we want!
• is unpleasant, but riding with children and included in the CB on channel 19, a school for their rudeness and profanity on the part of drivers or primitive ociężałych young teenagers mentally and culturally, and those of us - unfortunately - Prosperity!
• fairly common phenomenon, especially in the West, is co-CB-ists to the police. You can be sure that any irresponsible and dangerous driving behavior will be reported CB police. Despite the controversial nature of the phenomenon of "informer" co-CB-ists with the police is also developing with us. But, if as a result of "denunciation" by the CB will be on our roads safer ...

After all, pleasure and distant communication!